Titanium metal has many excellent properties: its specific gravity is 4.5g/cm3, which is only 56% of that of ordinary structural steel, while its strength is equivalent to or higher than that of ordinary structural steel. Among metal structural materials, titanium has a high specific strength.

The melting point of titanium is 1668 ℃, slightly higher than that of iron and nickel, and over 1000 ℃ higher than that of aluminum and magnesium. Therefore, as a lightweight metal structural material, titanium alloy has much better thermal strength than aluminum and magnesium alloys, and can be used at temperatures up to 600 ℃.        

Titanium is prone to form a strong oxide film on its surface with oxygen in an oxidizing atmosphere, making it highly resistant to corrosion in oxidizing acid, alkali, salt media, especially in wet chlorine gas and seawater. 

Titanium has an isomorphic crystal structure, with the beta phase of a closely packed hexagonal lattice above 885 ℃ and the alpha phase of a cubic titanium lattice below. Therefore, after adding different alloying elements, titanium alloys can be divided into three categories: alpha, beta, and alpha+beta. The isotropy of titanium enables it to obtain alloys with vastly different properties and significant heat treatment effects when different alloying elements are added.        

The expansion coefficient of titanium is 8.2 × 10-6/℃, which is smaller than that of general structural metals. It has lower stress during rapid cooling and heating, and is suitable for use in environments with temperature changes.            

Titanium has good toughness and fatigue resistance, as well as excellent welding performance. Titanium has good low-temperature performance and does not exhibit low-temperature brittleness even at -196 ℃. These properties are very suitable for structural applications.        

Titanium has a low thermal conductivity and is non-magnetic. Some titanium alloys also have superconducting, memory, and hydrogen storage properties.

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